Robert Fisher

Just thinking out loud

Style

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When using a proportional font, you should use only one space between sentences. Well... In reality, it shouldn't matter. Whatever mechanism "typesets" the text should use the proper amount of space between words & sentences no matter how many space characters the user typed.

max-width: Text with about 30–60 characters per line is easiest to read.

line-height: Default tends to be 1.2, but 1.4–1.6 might be better for on-screen reading.

em dash: —

  • A sudden break in thought: So, then I—what did you say?
  • A parenthetical statement
  • Instead of a colon or semicolon to link clauses
  • To indicate an open range: Robert Fisher (1969—)
  • A stand-in for the last two digits of a four digit year: 20—
  • Before author citations
  • As a bullet in lists

en dash: –

  • Ranges: Bake for 8–10 minutes.
  • Connection: The Mason–Dixon line
  • In place of a hypen in compounds in which one part is already hyphenated
  • In place of a hypen in compounds in which one part is two words: pre–World War II
  • Sports scores or Supreme Court votes: 100–99; 5–4 (At least according to this CMS Q&A. Rationalized because we often use the word to when reading them.)

minus: −

  • Negative numbers: It got down to −10° F today.
  • Subtraction: 10−7=3

hyphen:

  • To separate parts of a compound word: well-known
  • To indicate prefixes & suffixes: pre-, post-, -s, -es
  • To indicate that a word should be spoken letter-by-letter: k-n-o-w
  • When a prefix ending in a vowel is added to a word beginning with a vowel: co-operate, pre-eminent (see also diaeresis below)

prime: ′ ″

  • Feet & inches: He stood 5′11¾″.

swung dash: In Unicode 4. Most fonts don't have it. Used for brevity in dictionaries when repeating the head word. A tilde (~) can serve as a substitute.

long dash

  • 2-em dash: missing letters is a word: Mr. F—— wishes to remain anonymous.
  • 3-em dash: missing word or phrase: What the ———?

diaeresis

  • To indicate that a vowel should not be considered to form a dipthong with the previous vowel
    • daïs
    • deëmphasize
    • coöperate
    • coördinate
    • naïve
    • noël
    • preëminent
    • preëmpt
    • reënlist
    • microörganism
  • To indicate that a trailing E is not silent: Brotë

Sometimes an acute accent is used: Nestlé, Pokémon, saké, molé

grave accent

  • To indicate in verse that -ed should be syllabic where it would regularly not be: blessèd

(I thought it was an acute accent, but I may be wrong.)