Robert Fisher

Just thinking out loud

The threefold model

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(...a work in progress...)

Jonathan Tweet identified three ways that events in a role playing game are resolved:

  • Karma: a fixed value decides the results
  • Fortune: chance decides the results
  • Drama: the GM decides the results based on demands of the "plot"

The rec.games.frp.advocacy newsgroup was the source of the Threefold Model. It recognizes three paradigms of role playing:

  • Game
  • Simulation
  • Drama

The GNS theory of Ron Edward follows the Threefold Model by defining three types of role players:

  • Gamists: who play for competition & challenge
  • Narrativists: who play for story & characterization
  • Simulationists: who play to explore & experience

In my early days, I was heavily simulationist. These days, I think I tend to be more gamist, but I think I'm pretty close to the center of the triangle.

When GMing, I tend to resolve events this way:

  • Is their a chance for failure? (i.e. Is failure either certain or impossible?)
  • If their was a chance, what is it?
  • If I still have multiple, roughly equally likely outcomes, which makes for a better story?

Classic D&D